1. **Failure of Capital Relocation and Regional Development**  
One of the primary reasons behind these issues is the failure to relocate the capital and achieve balanced regional development. In most developed countries, there are prominent cities outside the capital, each with its own robust infrastructure, transportation, education, and amenities, making them desirable places to live.  
For example:
   - **USA**: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Seattle, etc.
   - **Japan**: Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, etc.

In contrast, Korea’s economy has not experienced significant expansion in recent years, and the job market remains limited. Many older generations continue to hold onto jobs for extended periods, further limiting employment flexibility and opportunities for younger workers.

2. **Limited Job Market Growth and an Aging Workforce**  
In a rapidly growing economy 30 years ago, many affiliated companies emerged, allowing the older generation to secure positions easily. However, these same workers have remained in the workforce, now seeking to extend the retirement age, which creates bottlenecks for new entrants into the job market.

3. **Public Perception of the Workforce**  
People born in the 80s and 90s have been subjected to rigorous academic classification from a young age. Starting with the college entrance exam (CSAT), they were often divided into “winners” and “losers” in life based on their grades. Consequently, human relationships became centered on academic backgrounds, salaries, and occupations, rather than personal qualities. This is not necessarily the fault of the 80s/90s generation, but a reflection of the older generation’s standardized and uniform education system.

4. **The Privileged Class and Inequities in Job Opportunities**  
When the privileged suggest that if life is tough, one should simply work for a small or medium-sized company and rise through the ranks, the underlying truth is often ignored. Many of these privileged individuals come from backgrounds of inherited wealth and power:
   - Descendants of pro-Japanese collaborators
   - Descendants of high-ranking officials from military regimes
   - Descendants of landowners
   - Descendants of corporate conglomerates

While some people may have achieved success independently, the majority have benefited from their parents’ resources, from education to employment. A closer look at the heads of Korea’s major conglomerates—Samsung, SK, Hyundai, LG, and Lotte—reveals that most inherited their management positions, were exempt from military service, and received rapid promotions, securing their status as CEOs.

In such a system, the ideal job market that most ordinary people aspire to remains out of reach. Unless there is a significant disruption, such as war or reunification, this system is unlikely to change. For young people today, the most practical approach may be to acquire skills early on and consider immigration as a pathway to greater opportunities abroad.